![]() ![]() Pengamatan fatamorgana dilakukan di landasan pacu Bandara Sultan Iskandar Muda (SIM) yang berlokasi di Blang Bintang, Aceh Besar, Aceh, Indonesia. The comparison shows that the relative error declines sharply when the incident angle is large and the roughness is small.Ībstrak – Telah dilakukan sebuah studi mengenai hubungan suhu dan tekanan udara lingkungan landasan pacu (runway) bandara terhadap visibilitas fatamorgana. In addition, the zero-order diffractive power calculated by RCWA and the reflectance calculated by Fresnel equations are compared. The RCWA and the Rayleigh criterion results have been compared, showing that the relative error of the total integrated scatter increases as the roughness of the surface increases at large incidence angles. As the relative roughness decreases, the specular peak enhancement dramatically increases and the scattering region significantly reduces, especially under large incidence angles. This paper mainly focuses on the relative roughness at the range of 0.16<σ/λ<5.35. It is found that the RCWA results show the same trend of specular peak as the measurement. This study used a validated and accurate computational model, the rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA) method, to compare and analyze the measurement BRDF results. The bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) of rough aluminum surfaces with different roughnesses at different incident angles is measured by a three-axis automated scatterometer. The main purpose of this work is to investigate the formation mechanism of the specular reflection peak of rough surfaces at large incidence angles. The reflective properties of randomly rough surfaces at large incidence angles have been reported due to their potential applications in some of the radiative heat transfer research areas. Conversely, when the air temperature is low and the humidity is high, the mirage appears with low visibility (very thin) or almost non-existent or completely gone When the air temperature is high and the humidity is low, the mirage appears with high visibility (very thick), so that it can be observed clearly. Observation shows that changes in temperature and humidity in the runway environment greatly affect the appearance and visibility of mirages. Meanwhile, the lowest and highest air humidities where mirages can still be observed are 51 % and 92 %, respectively. The lowest and highest temperatures where the mirage can still be observed are 26 0C and 32 0C, respectively. Mirage is also still visible when the weather is cloudy or drizzling, but disappears when heavy rain. The observation shows that the mirage has been found since 07.00 AM in the morning until the afternoon at 18.00 PM, even until sunset. Temperature and humidity data were obtained from the Blang Bintang Meteorological Station database, Aceh Besar, Aceh, Indonesia. The relationship between temperature and humidity of the environment with visibility of mirage has been studied by observing mirage on the runway of Sultan Iskandar Muda International Airport (SIM) Aceh, Indonesia. ![]()
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